White House national security adviser John Bolton has said he believes the bulk of North Korea's weapons programs could be dismantled within a year, as the United States and North Korea resumed working-level talks.

Bolton told CBS's Face the Nation on Sundaythat Washington has devised a program to dismantle North Korea's weapons of mass destruction — chemical, biological and nuclear — and ballistic missile programs in a year, if there is full co-operation and disclosure from Pyongyang.

"If they have the strategic decision already made to do that and they're co-operative, we can move very quickly," he said. "Physically we would be able to dismantle the overwhelming bulk of their programs within a year."

He said Secretary of State Mike Pompeo will likely discuss that proposal with the North Koreans soon. The Financial Times reported that Pompeo was due to visit North Korea this week but the U.S. State Department has not confirmed any travel plans.

Planning for Pompeo visit

South Korea media reported on Sunday that Sung Kim, the U.S. ambassador to the Philippines, met with North Korean officials on Sunday at the border village of Panmunjom, within the demilitarized zone separating the two Koreas, to co-ordinate an agenda for Pompeo's next visit to North Korea.

It would be physically possible to dismantle the bulk of North Korea's programs within a year.- Arms control expert Thomas Countryman

Kim's delegation delivered Pompeo's letter to Kim Yong-chol, a top Pyongyang official who met Pompeo and U.S. President Donald Trump ahead of last month's historic summit between Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un in Singapore, Yonhap news agency said, citing an unnamed diplomatic source.

Some experts disputed Bolton's optimistic time frame for decommissioning the North's weapons.
"It would be physically possible to dismantle the bulk of North Korea's programs within a year," said Thomas Countryman, the State Department's top arms control officer under former president Barack Obama.

"I do not believe it would be possible to verify full dismantlement within a year, nor have I yet seen evidence of a firm DPRK decision to undertake full dismantlement."

Expanded missile production?

North Korea is completing a major expansion of a key missile-manufacturing plant, the Wall Street Journal reported on Sunday, citing researchers who have examined new satellite imagery from San Francisco-based Planet Labs Inc.

Images analyzed by the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, California show North Korea was finishing construction on the exterior of the plant around the time Kim Jong-un held a summit with Trump last month, the report said.

The Chemical Material Institute in Hamhung makes solid-fuel ballistic missiles, which could allow North Korean to transport and launch a missile more quickly, compared to a liquid-fuel system that requires lengthy preparation.

Last week, 38 North, a website run by the Johns Hopkins University, said satellite imagery showed the North had been upgrading its Yongbyon nuclear complex.

"None of this activity technically violates any agreement Kim may have made," said Vipin Narang, an associate professor at MIT's security studies program.
"What it suggests is that Kim has no intention of surrendering his nuclear weapons."

Kim agreed at the June 12 summit to "work toward denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula," but the joint statement released after the meeting gave no details on how or when Pyongyang might forsake its nuclear and missile programs.

As negotiations progress, the North could try to trade sites and technology that have relatively low values in exchange for sanctions relief, while covertly operating facilities required to advance key capabilities, Narang said.

"It is perfectly rational for North Korea to shift the emphasis to developing solid-fuel missiles now that it already has a suite of liquid-fuel missiles to deter an attack," he said.

Prediction of 10-year plan

Siegfried Hecker, a nuclear scientist and Stanford University professor, has predicted it would take around 10 years to dismantle and clean up a substantial part of North Korea's Yongbyon nuclear site.

U.S. intelligence is not certain how many nuclear warheads North Korea has. The Defense Intelligence Agency is at the high end, with an estimate of about 50. But all the agencies believe Pyongyang is concealing an unknown number, especially smaller tactical ones, in caves and other underground facilities around the country.
The U.S. intelligence agencies believe North Korea has increased production of fuel for nuclear weapons at multiple secret sites in recent months and may try to hide these while seeking concessions in nuclear talks with the United States, NBC News quoted U.S. officials as saying on Friday.

The Washington Post reported Saturday that U.S. intelligence officials have concluded that North Korea does not intend to fully give up its nuclear arsenal and is considering ways to hide the number of weapons it has. It also reported Pyongyang has secret production facilities, according to the latest evidence they have.

Bolton refused to comment on intelligence matters but the United States was going into nuclear negotiations aware of Pyongyang's failure to live up to its promises in the past.

"There's not any starry-eyed feeling among the group doing this," he said. "We're well aware of what the North Koreans have done in the past."